Foucault News

Foucault. Repenser les rapports entre les Grecs et les Modernes (2020)

Clare O'Farrell

29 February 2020

Foucault. Repenser les rapports entre les Grecs et les Modernes
Sous la direction de : Hans-Jurgen Lüsebrink, Jean-Marc Narbonne, Heinrich Schlange-Schöningen, Presse de l’Université LavalPresses de l’Université Laval, Collection: Zêtêsis, à paraître

Foucault aurait-il choisi de se retirer de l’arène politique contemporaine pour se refugier dans « la posture antique du sage » ? Pourquoi, sinon, ce détour vers l’Antiquité dans le développement de ses propres recherches ?

Description
L’un des aspects les plus intrigants de l’œuvre de Michel Foucault réside dans son intérêt tardif pour la pensée antique, plus spécialement pour la culture grecque et son héritage romain qu’on peut faire remonter à ses recherches ayant mené, à partir de 1976, à son Histoire de la sexualité . Du fait même de l’infléchissement que connut alors sa pensée, Foucault fut à même d’établir des liens à tous égards originaux et même surprenants entre la pensée antique et la réflexion moderne. En le lisant, c’est une tradition de près de 2500 ans qui s’offre désormais à notre regard.

Que nous apprend, sur notre histoire, le fait de mettre en parallèle les propos de Socrate et ceux de Kant ? À quoi peut servir l’interrogation menée sur la sexualité antique, si ce n’est peut-être à la « dépsychologiser », la « dépathologiser », la « détaxonomiser », et ainsi la « désenclaver » de ses classifications ultérieures ? Que nous enseigne le fait d’entendre par « modernité » non plus une « époque » particulière de l’histoire, mais une manière d’être des individus, une certaine attitude adoptée, « ce que les Grecs, souligne Foucault, appelaient un ‘ éthos ’ » ?

De quelle manière, finalement, l’esprit critique moderne s’éclaire-t-il de l’esprit critique antique ? Les études ici rassemblées posent ces questions à Foucault, avec Foucault et parfois aussi contre Foucault, en écho toujours à ce « courage de la vérité » dont il incarna si splendidement l’exemple.

The Democratic Biopolitics of PrEP (2019)

Clare O'Farrell

1 comment

28 February 2020

Schubert, Karsten (2019): The Democratic Biopolitics of PrEP. In: Helene Gerhards und Kathrin Braun (ed.): Biopolitiken – Regierungen des Lebens heute. Wiesbaden: Springer, 121–153

doi: 10.1007/978-3-658-25769-9_5.

Abstract
PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) is a relatively new drug-based HIV prevention technique and an important means to lower the HIV risk of gay men who are especially vulnerable to HIV. From the perspective of biopolitics, PrEP inscribes itself in a larger trend of medicalization and the rise of pharmapower. This article reconstructs and evaluates contemporary literature on biopolitical theory as it applies to PrEP, by bringing it in a dialogue with a mapping of the political debate on PrEP. As PrEP changes sexual norms and subjectification, for example condom use and its meaning for gay subjectivity, it is highly contested. The article shows that the debate on PrEP can be best described with the concepts ‘sexual-somatic ethics’ and ‘democratic biopolitics’, which I develop based on the biopolitical approach of Nikolas Rose and Paul Rabinow. In contrast, interpretations of PrEP which are following governmentality studies or Italian Theory amount to either farfetched or trivial positions on PrEP, when seen in light of the political debate. Furthermore, the article is a contribution to the scholarship on gay subjectivity, highlighting how homophobia and homonormativity haunt gay sex even in liberal environments, and how PrEP can serve as an entry point for the destigmatization of gay sexuality and transformation of gay subjectivity. ‘Biopolitical democratization’ entails making explicit how medical technology and health care relates to sexual subjectification and ethics, to strengthen the voice of (potential) PrEP users in health politics, and to renegotiate the profit and power of Big Pharma.

Sandra Boehringer et Laurie Laufer (dir.), Après «Les Aveux de la chair» Généalogie du sujet chez Michel Foucault (2020)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

27 February 2020

Après «Les Aveux de la chair» Généalogie du sujet chez Michel Foucault, Epel, Mars 2020
Ouvrage dirigé par Sandra Boehringer et Laurie Laufer

Attraper erôs dans le filet du logos, l’Occident n’a pas attendu la psychanalyse pour s’y employer. Entre les aphrodisia grecs et le dispositif de sexualité moderne, il ne restait plus à Foucault qu’à déposer une dernière pièce au puzzle de son Histoire de la sexualité : que s’est-il passé au temps de la concupiscence chrétienne et du péché de chair ? Comment le sexe en est-il venu à polariser le rapport de soi à soi ?

« Il m’a semblé, écrit Foucault, que la question qui devait servir de fil directeur était celle-ci : comment, pourquoi et sous quelle forme l’activité sexuelle a-t-elle été constituée comme domaine moral ? »

À qui sont destinés les aveux ? De quoi libèrent-ils ? Quel sujet moderne l’expérience de la « chair » dans le christianisme a-t-elle contribué à construire ? Les Aveux de la chair jettent le trouble dans une « histoire de la sexualité » qui s’avère faussement linéaire et sollicite tout autant philosophes, historiens, spécialistes de la littérature et psychanalystes.

Ce volume fait écho à Bien avant la sexualité. L’expérience érotique en Grèce ancienne, publié en 2019 chez Epel.

Ouvrage dirigé par Sandra Boehringer et Laurie Laufer avec les contributions de : Jean Allouch, Thamy Ayouch, Fabrice Bourlez, Raquel Capurro, Guy Casadamont, Philippe Chevallier, Frédéric Gros, Guy Le Gaufey, Daniele Lorenzini, George Henri Melenotte, Gonzalo Percovich, Philippe Sabot, Annie Tardits, Sara Vassallo, Mayette Viltard.

Publié avec le soutien du CRPMS et du Centre Michel Foucault.

Table des matières (PDF)

Foucault: fiches de lecture (2020)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

26 February 2020

Foucault fiches de lecture

Editor: I posted an earlier notice about this project in 2018. Considerable progress has been made since then and material is now available online.

This website open to all Internet users and hosts digital versions of Foucault’s reading notes (from the Foucault archives at the Bibliothèque nationale de France). One is able to search for terms (title word, author name, word from a bibliographic reference). The work is in progress, but already includes a lot of archival material.

Présentation du projet

Le projet Foucault Fiches de Lecture (FFL) a pour but d’explorer et de mettre à disposition en ligne un large ensemble de fiches de lecture de Michel Foucault (1926-1984) conservées à la BnF depuis 2013. Ce corpus de plusieurs milliers de feuillets contient une collection considérable de citations et de références, organisées et commentées par Foucault pour la préparation de ses livres et de ses cours. Il ne s’agira pas seulement de rendre accessibles les sources du philosophe, mais de contribuer à l’élaboration d’une herméneutique philosophique, reposant sur l’analyse des pratiques documentaires et des styles de travail de Foucault.

Le projet FFL vise un double objectif :

numériser, décrire et mettre en ligne les fiches de lecture de Michel Foucault se rapportant à la préparation de ses livres, cours, conférences, etc. (fiches conservées, depuis 2013, au département des Manuscrits de la BnF) – corpus jamais exploré systématiquement jusqu’à présent, et qui offre un accès inédit, notamment, à l’archive des projets de livre abandonnés (tels les volumes annoncés, en 1976, de l’Histoire de la sexualité) ;

permettre, par là, une nouvelle approche de l’œuvre de Foucault, fondée sur l’analyse des pratiques de lecture du philosophe et des cheminements de pensée qu’elles aident à retracer. Il ne s’agit donc pas seulement de reconstituer la « bibliothèque virtuelle » des ouvrages de Foucault, afin d’offrir au chercheur des possibilités nouvelles de circulation entre les auteurs cités, les thèmes et les notions, mais de contribuer, par cet outil, à l’élaboration d’une herméneutique philosophique prenant en compte la matérialité des gestes de lecture, à travers les différents « styles » de travail (en deçà des « styles » d’écriture) expérimentés au cours des années.

La plateforme FFL-EMAN, véritable espace d’exposition des documents de travail du philosophe, permettra à la communauté scientifique et plus largement au public de participer à ce projet d’envergure.

Un premier lot de trois boîtes, soit 1 855 feuillets, est d’ores et déjà disponible sur ce site. Le corpus final sera constitué de 25 boîtes dont l’inventaire est disponible ici. Les images numérisées seront à terme également consultables dans Gallica.

Ce projet financé par l’ANR (2017-2020) et coordonné par Michel Senellart et Laurent Dartigues (laboratoire Triangle, ENS Lyon), bénéficie des partenariats de l’ENS/PSL et de la BnF.

Retrouvez toute l’actualité du projet FFL sur le carnet de recherche Foucault Fiches de lecture.

Colin Gordon: Lebensführung and véridiction: Weber, Foucault (2015)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

22 February 2020

Colin Gordon: Lebensführung and véridiction: Weber, Foucault
Goldsmiths UOL, London, 10 Mar 2015,

Podcast on Soundcloud added in 2019
Daoism and Capitalism: A Workshop

Stuart Elden, Signés Foucault & cie – manifestos and letters signed by Foucault, edited by Philippe Artières, Editions de la Sorbonne (2020)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

21 February 2020

Progressive Geographies

28405100266740L Signés Foucault & cie, edited by Philippe Artières, Editions de la Sorbonne, 2020

I’d missed news of this until I saw a copy at the BnF bookshop. It’s a little and cheap €5 collection of manifestos and open letters signed by Foucault and others. Very few of these were included in Dits et écrits, since the editors didn’t include a piece which Foucault hadn’t written. But he did add his name to a lot of things, some of which I listed in ‘The Uncollected Foucault‘ a few years ago. But several of these I didn’t know about – it’s very good to have them in one place.

À partir de 1968, Michel Foucault s’essaye à un répertoire d’actions sous la forme de signature de pétitions et autres lettres ouvertes. Le présent volume en donne à lire les principales, qu’il cosigna jusqu’à sa mort prématurée en 1984…

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Kevin Maynard, Foucault on the Wards. Rediscovering Reflection as a Social Pediatrician in Training (2019)

Clare O'Farrell

1 comment

20 February 2020

Kevin Maynard, Foucault on the Wards. Rediscovering Reflection as a Social Pediatrician in Training, Academic Medicine: October 15, 2019

DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003042

Open access

Abstract
The author states that as a second-year medical student with a liberal arts degree, it is often difficult for him to reconcile his former education with the current demands of his training. Although the medical curriculum acknowledges the importance of a biopsychosocial model, the prioritization of knowledge remains the same: know your biological, pharmacological, and anatomical facts. However, the author’s experience with a social pediatrics research summer studentship moved him beyond this basic sciences mindset and provided a practical framework for the application of his liberal arts training. The experience was twofold: he worked on a research project while simultaneously shadowing a pediatrician twice a week. His project applied a Foucauldian critical discourse analysis to an archive of texts that sought to better characterize the term social pediatrics. The author concludes that the thought-changing reflection, mentorship, and concrete clinical experiences made possible by the summer studentship expanded his worldview.

The author discusses the complementary relationship between CDA, clinical experience, and self-reflection in the developing clinician. The purpose of his essay is threefold. First, by drawing on concepts from Descartes’ Meditations and Plato’s allegory of the cave, he establishes educational continuity between his liberal arts and medical training. Second, using clinical examples, he explores the practicality of discourse analysis and how skills regarding empathy and bias awareness are transferrable to the wards. Last, he highlights the importance of cognitive dissonance and transformative learning in the maturing physician.

A Feminist Genealogy of the Lived Body? Rethinking the Gendered Body as a Site of Excess and Indeterminacy (2019)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

19 February 2020

İbrahimhakkıoğlu, F.
A Feminist Genealogy of the Lived Body? Rethinking the Gendered Body as a Site of Excess and Indeterminacy
(2019) Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 50 (4), pp. 324-336.

DOI: 10.1080/00071773.2019.1610830

Abstract
This essay offers a rethinking of the gendered body as both lived and historically constituted. These two dimensions are sometimes seen as irreconcilable, especially by some proponents of post-structuralism who are critical of phenomenology. My contention is that when approaching gender, Merleau-Ponty’s paradoxical formulation of the body as “always something other than what it is” can accompany a genealogy of the body. The body, as excessive, indeterminate, and ambiguous in Merleau-Pontian phenomenology, is at the same time the very object and product of certain techniques and procedures developed since the nineteenth century, as Foucault documents. Not only are phenomenology and genealogy compatible in this context, but thinking them together is necessary in order to illuminate the multi-faceted complexity of the embodiment of gender. The weight of this necessity is especially felt when approaching sexual violence, which tends to take place at the very intersection of the body-as-lived and the body-as-constituted. © 2019, © 2019 The British Society for Phenomenology.

Author Keywords
Foucault; gender; Merleau-Ponty; Phenomenology; the body

Andrew Dobson, Kezia Barker, Sarah L. Taylor (eds), Biosecurity: The Socio-Politics of Invasive Species and Infectious Diseases (2013)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

18 February 2020

Andrew Dobson, Kezia Barker, Sarah L. Taylor (eds) Biosecurity: The Socio-Politics of Invasive Species and Infectious Diseases, Routledge, 2013

Description
Biosecurity is the assessment and management of potentially dangerous infectious diseases, quarantined pests, invasive (alien) species, living modified organisms, and biological weapons. It is a holistic concept of direct relevance to the sustainability of agriculture, food safety, and the protection of human populations (including bio-terrorism), the environment, and biodiversity. Biosecurity is a relatively new concept that has become increasingly prevalent in academic, policy and media circles, and needs a more comprehensive and inter-disciplinary approach to take into account mobility, globalisation and climate change.

In this introductory volume, biosecurity is presented as a governance approach to a set of concerns that span the protection of indigenous biological organisms, agricultural systems and human health, from invasive pests and diseases. It describes the ways in which biosecurity is understood and theorized in different subject disciplines, including anthropology, political theory, ecology, geography and environmental management. It examines the different scientific and knowledge practices connected to biosecurity governance, including legal regimes, ecology, risk management and alternative knowledges. The geopolitics of biosecurity is considered in terms of health, biopolitics and trade governance at the global scale. Finally, biosecurity as an approach to actively secure the future is assessed in the context of future risk and uncertainties, such as globalization and climate change.

Contents

Part 1: Framing Biosecurity
1. Introduction: Interrogating Bio-insecurities
Kezia Barker, Sarah Taylor and Andrew Dobson

2. A World in Peril? The Case for Containment
Daniel Simberloff

3. Power over Life: Biosecurity as Biopolitics
Bruce Braun

Part 2: Implementing Biosecurity
4. Governing Biosecurity
Andrew Donaldson

5. Legal Frameworks for Biosecurity
Opi Outhwaite

6. Biosecurity: Whose Knowledge Counts?
Gareth Enticott and Katy Wilkinson

7. Biosecurity Management Practices: Determining and Delivering a Response
John Mumford

Part 3: Biosecurity and Geopolitics
8. A Neoliberal Biosecurity? The WTO, Free Trade and the Governance of Plant Health
Clive Potter

9. Viral Geopolitics: Biosecurity and Global Health Governance
Alan Ingram

This chapter examines tensions surrounding the development and reworking of global health governance in response to concerns about emerging infectious diseases since the 1980s. It focuses in particular on how tensions have emerged at the intersections between technologies of government – what, following Michel Foucault, may be termed apparatuses of security – that have been created in response to newly formed infectious disease epidemics and struggles over the international political economy. The widespread adoption of the term ‘global health governance’ can be understood as a result of a convergence between struggles over globalisation and growing unease about emerging infectious diseases. The intensiﬁcation and expansion of international trade and travel, combined with environmental change, population growth, urbanisation and shifts in farming practices, is generally understood to have transformed the ecological matrix within which humans, animals, plants and microbes co-exist and co-evolve. The intensiﬁed interactions and transactions associated with globalisation are commonly understood to have heightened the risk of disease emergence into human populations and its subsequent spread. In response to these quantitative and qualitative shifts in epidemiological space and time, materialised through a series of infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics. Health bureaucrats, scientists, politicians, activists, and corporate and military entities have collaborated and struggled over the creation of new organisations, networks and strategies, fostering the emergence of the ﬁeld of global health (Lakoff and Collier, 2008).

In a lecture course given at the Collège de France in the late 1970s, Michel Foucault (Foucault, 2007) described the consolidation of such clusters of institutions, rationalities, tactics and technologies in response to crisis or emergency situations as the formation of apparatuses or mechanisms (words that provide an approximation to the word dispositif that Foucault used) of security. In an interview given around the same time, Foucault elaborated further on what he meant by this term: What I’m trying to pick out with this term is, ﬁrstly, a thoroughly heterogeneous ensemble consisting of discourses, institutions, architectural forms, regulatory decisions, laws, administrative measures, scientiﬁc statements, philosophical, moral and philanthropic propositions – in short, the said as much as the unsaid. Such are the elements of the apparatus. The apparatus itself is the system of relations that can be established between these elements.

10. Biosecurity and Bio-terror: Reflections on a Decade
Brian Rappert and Filippa Lentzos

Part 4: Transgressing Biosecurity
11. Biosecurity and Ecology: Beyond the Nativism Debate
Juliet Fall

12. Introducing Aliens, Re-introducing Natives: A Conflict of Interest for Biosecurity?
Henry Buller

13. The Insecurity of Biosecurity: Re-making Emerging Infectious Diseases
Stephen Hinchliffe

14. Conclusion: Biosecurity, the Future and the Impact of Climate Change
Sarah Taylor, Andrew Dobson, and Kezia Barker

Alex Black and Karen Lumsden, Precautionary policing and dispositives of risk in a police force control room in domestic abuse incidents: an ethnography of call handlers, dispatchers and response officers (2020)

Clare O'Farrell

no comments

18 February 2020

Alex Black and Karen Lumsden, Precautionary policing and dispositives of risk in a police force control room in domestic abuse incidents: an ethnography of call handlers, dispatchers and response officers (2020) Policing and Society, 30 (1), pp. 65-80.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2019.1568428

Abstract
This article explores the riskwork engaged in by call handlers, dispatchers and response officers in a police force control room in England. We present a novel approach by drawing on the work of Foucault and his concept le dispositif to study riskwork in policing in a post-austerity landscape and to develop the analytical concept of ‘precautionary policing’. Dispositional analysis allows us to focus on social dispositions or inclinations and to demonstrate how these arrangements affect social interaction and organisational behaviour. We draw on data collected via ethnographic fieldwork focusing on domestic abuse incidents in a police force control room in England.

The findings focus on: (1) organisational technologies of risk, which guided and surfaced staff actions and decision-making; (2) riskwork to mitigate and manage threats and harm to victims and the public; and (3) riskwork relating to the professional decision-making of individual staff and officers. In addition to bringing the risk tools and artefacts ‘into being’ through their (inter-)actions, for staff, these technologies are a safety net to justify practices. They erode opportunities for officer discretion, particularly in relation to responses to domestic incidents. Therefore, despite policy discussions of the need to reduce officers’ risk aversion and reduce unnecessary bureaucracy, a risk averse culture still pervades. Uncertainty becomes a justification for pre-emptive action by officers and staff before risks become known, and demonstrates a shift to precautionary policing practices which do not follow the blueprints of risk management. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Author Keywords
Domestic abuse; precautionary policing; risk; victims