Foucault News

News and resources on French thinker Michel Foucault (1926-1984)

Meinard, Y.
The foucauldian approach to conservation: pitfalls and genuine promises
(2022) History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 44 (2), art. no. 25.

DOI: 10.1007/s40656-022-00509-8

Abstract
Conservation biology is a branch of ecology devoted to conserving biodiversity. Because this discipline is based on the assumption that knowledge should guide actions, it endows experts with a power that should be questioned. The work of the French philosopher Michel Foucault (1926–1984) can be seen as a relevant conceptual resource to think these aspects of conservation biology through. I critically analyse the relevance of the Foucauldian approach to conservation. I argue that Foucauldian arguments are deeply ambiguous, and therefore useless for conservation purposes, unless they are supplemented with unsaid assumptions that are, depending on the case at hand, untenable, or at least at odds with basic assumptions underlying conservation biology. In any case, the prospects of using the Foucauldian approach for conservation purposes are deeply undermined. However, the Foucauldian reasoning contains some ideas that can be important and useful for conservation purposes, if they are duly clarified. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Author Keywords
Conservation biology; Foucault; Governmentality; Knowledge; Power

Index Keywords
environmental protection, knowledge; Conservation of Natural Resources, Knowledge

Gøtzsche-Astrup, J.
Contention and social order: The historical relation between political and social riot dispositives
(2022) European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology

DOI: 10.1080/23254823.2022.2081230

Abstract
The relation between political contention and social order is a fundamental field of sociological inquiry. This article puts forward a dispositive perspective on the relation by analysing its constitution in concrete objects of control. Focusing on the object of riots, I uncover a significant change at the turn of the nineteenth century. Before the change, political and social riot dispositives were both mutually exclusive and in danger of transforming into each other. This meant that riots were sites in which the relation between contention and social order was negotiated. This negotiation was brought to a halt by a new relation. Consequently, political and social riot dispositives could coexist on the condition that riots became a liminal object. This article contributes to our empirical knowledge on the link between political and social dispositives and opens up a new perspective on the general relation between contention and social order. © 2022 European Sociological Association.

Author Keywords
Contention; dispositives; Foucault; riots; social order

Finefter-Rosenbluh, I.
Between student voice-based assessment and teacher-student relationships: teachers’ responses to ‘techniques of power’ in schools
(2022) British Journal of Sociology of Education

DOI: 10.1080/01425692.2022.2080043

Abstract
This paper draws upon Foucault’s problematisation of governmentality analysis to explore teacher interviews from Australian secondary schools, where student voice was ‘enacted’ within a teacher assessment reform strategy. By bringing teacher voices into relation with theory, it illustrates how the current ‘sociality of performativity’ is situating student voice-based assessment initiatives as power apparatuses of teacher surveillance that shape teacher-student relationships. The analysis portrays teachers’ responses to such ‘techniques of power’, employing forms of auditable commodification, physical proximity, and reflective practice as a means of managing student voice ‘risk’. In so doing, the teachers relegated teacher-student relationships to the margins, struggling to profess an ethic of care; paradoxically disadvantaging students through voice initiatives intended to advance them. Demonstrating how affective fundamentals are eclipsed by performative-invested practices, the analysis highlights the discursive policy contestations of rapport and performance that should be taken into consideration in future implementations of student voice-based assessment initiatives. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Author Keywords
Assessment; ethic of care; governmentality; student voice; teacher-student relationships

Early, J.
Contemporary Confessional Forms and Confessional Art
(2022) Third Text

DOI: 10.1080/09528822.2022.2074197

Abstract
Within our twenty-first century confessional landscape, a new set of possibilities for confession has been realised which, in relation to the chronology of confessional art, expands on the political and social conditions visible in pre-millennial cultural politics. The confessional turn in postmodernity requires less of an emphasis on pre-modern frameworks of ritualised Christian confessional discourses. Taking into account the ubiquity of contemporary confessional forms (eg Facebook, Instagram, and the vlog/blogosphere), such historical terms of ritualised confession and its association to power appear almost archaic today. This article focuses on a framework of confessional art that explores a more direct mode of self-disclosure in order to examine self-representation and its relationship to subjectivity. As the boundaries between private and public space become increasingly problematised within this confessional landscape, this article posits that contemporary confessional art gives voice to displaced subjectivities to present a more complex politics of self. © 2022 Third Text.

Author Keywords
abandoning privacy; contemporary confessional art; fictitious narratives; Foucault; Jaye Early; politics of the self; private and public space; self-design; self-disclosure; subjectivity

Ericsson, D.
Space technologies and cultural organizations
(2022) The Metamorphosis of Cultural and Creative Organizations: Exploring Change from a Spatial Perspective, Edited By Federica De Molli, Marilena Veccopp. 141-154.

DOI: 10.4324/9781003134671-10

Abstract
In this chapter the ongoing reconfigurations of the cultural and creative sectors, in which the dichotomy between producers and consumers is being repealed, and new prosumer (dis)positions are being installed, is explored through the Foucauldian lens of ‘technologies of the self’. According to Foucault, ‘technologies of the self’ are epistemological processes that permit individuals to affect their bodies, minds, and souls by certain operations so that they can reach a preferable state of being. The argument here brought forward is that such technologies are currently being transformed from a focus upon self to commune, and that such transformations have profound spatial consequences: Technologies of the self are being replaced by ‘space technologies’ of the commune. To illustrate my argument and outline the concept of ‘space technologies’ two empirical case studies are reflected upon: The British singer-songwriter Francis Dunnery’s house concert performances and the enacting of an opera house in a rural setting in Sweden.

Dussel, I.
What Might a Material Turn to Educational Histories Add to the History of Education? Proof-eating the Pudding
(2021) In Van Ruyskensvelde, Sarah, Thyssen, Geert, Herman, Frederik, Van Gorp, Angelo and Verstraete, Pieter. (Eds) Folds of Past, Present and Future: Reconfiguring Contemporary Histories of Education, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2021. pp. 449-468.

DOI: 10.1515/9783110623451-023

Abstract
In this chapter, I discuss the implications of the material turn for the historiography of education. In dialogue with Marc Depaepe’s historiographical arguments and his work on the material culture of education, I present some reflections that follow the thread of my own research on school uniforms in the last two decades. Having started with some grand theoretical claims about the role of these school artefacts in broader power/knowledge regimes, the subsequent steps of my research led me to consider the relevance of the materiality of uniforms, their materials, styles, and textures, their color and visibility, and some patterns of their circulation between home and school and their commodification. The research required the development of a multisensorial approach that paid much more attention to the details and minutiae of schools. In the last section, I reflect on two short essays by Walter Benjamin and Michel Foucault, pointing to their contributions to not only rethinking ut also remaking historical studies of educational material culture. © 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

Author Keywords
historiography of education; Marc depaepe; material turn; school objects; school uniforms

Wu, B.
Authenticity and wellbeing in neoliberal times: Imagining alternatives (2021) In Healthy Relationships in Higher Education: Promoting Wellbeing Across Academia, Edited by Narelle Lemon, Routledge, pp. 197-209.

DOI: 10.4324/9781003144984-18

Abstract
At the centre of the neoliberal endeavour is an idealised self for the governed – the entrepreneurial self. Although touted as free and autonomous, the entrepreneurial self is an unsustainable myth that relies on constant self-improvement for instantiable economic growth and market expansion. The neoliberal context is detrimental to health and wellbeing. Following Foucault, a body of literature has turned to ancient Greek and other European philosophies for alternatives. In this chapter, drawing on the Confucian concept of cheng, I explore wellbeing and authenticity. Cheng refers to sincerity, authenticity, and self-completion. It depicts a self that emerges through interactions and relationships with others and environments, and eventually rises above external demands and utilitarian gains. An authentic self is to achieve a unity of the individual, the social and the cosmos. Self-completion is a journey returning to the inner self in unison with the Dao. This notion offers alternatives to understanding wellbeing and authenticity.

Ilott, Luke. “Genealogy Beyond Critique: Foucault’s Discipline and Punish as Coalitional Worldmaking.” Political Theory, (July 2022).

https://doi.org/10.1177/00905917221103296.

Abstract
Michel Foucault was an energetic activist, yet his bleak depiction of totalizing power and his refusal to make normative claims have led many to judge that Discipline and Punish (1975) did not sustain a positive political project. This article offers a new, contextualist account of Foucault’s political purposes by reading Discipline and Punish as a tool for coalition building through historical worldmaking. Addressing the division and marginalization of movements on France’s “alternative left” like feminism and gay liberation, Foucault wove together their differentiated concerns into a shared historical world. His apparently demoralizing identification of the same forms of power everywhere in fact revealed new possibilities for alliance. Focusing on Foucault’s unifying historical narratives reveals a positive project beyond the negative, denaturalizing “critique of power” we usually associate with his political thought. Foucault’s coalitional work of worldmaking may offer a model for genealogical political theory today.

Keywords
Foucault, genealogy, history, critique, coalition

Francesca Peruzzo, Emiliano Grimaldi, Alessandro Arienzo, Giuseppe D’Onofrio, Claudio Franchi & Pietro Sebastianelli (2022) New public management reforms and industrial relations in the Italian education system. A cultural political economy approach, Journal of Educational Administration and History

DOI: 10.1080/00220620.2022.2094350

ABSTRACT
This article focuses on the relation between new public management (NPM) reforms and changing patterns of industrial relations (IRs) and social dialogue in the Italian education system. Drawing on data from the research project ‘Social dialogue and industrial relations in education: The challenges of multi-level governance and privatisation in Europe’ (IR-EDUREFORM), it uses cultural political economy to explore the effects of autonomy, evaluation, and management as policy technologies on teacher unions’ collective bargaining, workplace representation and industrial action. Through the Italian case, the study analyses how NPM reforms operated three distinctive transformations: decentralisation of bargaining to school level, juridification and individualisation of industrial action and a shift from collective to professional unions. Beyond critically exploring the implications of NPM reforms and the processes of decollectivation and individualisation of IRs and social dialogue in education, the study also highlights some potential for the emergence of novel sites for collective representation.

KEYWORDS: Industrial relations in education, social dialogue, NPM, teacher, unionscultural political economy

Seminario: El bestiario de Michel Foucault

9 sesiones mensuales, Miércoles 19-20:30 horas.
Del 26 octubre 2022 al 28 de junio de 2023.

Institut français (Marqués de la Ensenada, 12) – Sala Mediateca.

Coordinación: Rodrigo Castro Orellana y Pablo Lópiz Cantó

Correo electrónico: seminariofoucaultcomplutense@gmail.com

Web:  https://www.ucm.es/sfc

Entrada libre y gratuita hasta completar aforo.

Me gustaría escribir la historia de los vencidos. Es un hermoso sueño, que muchos comparten: darle la palabra a quienes no pudieron tomarla hasta el presente, a los que fueron obligados al silencio por la historia, por la violencia de la historia, por todos los sistemas de dominación y de explotación.

Michel Foucault. “La torture, c’est la raison”, 1977.

Me parece que hasta el presente los historiadores de nuestra sociedad, de nuestra civilización, han intentado sobre todo penetrar en el secreto íntimo de nuestra civilización, su espíritu, el modo de construir la propia identidad, las cosas a las que la sociedad concede valor. Por el contrario se ha estudiado mucho menos todo aquello que nuestra civilización rechaza. Me pareció interesante intentar comprender nuestra sociedad, y nuestra civilización, mediante sus sistemas de exclusión, sus formas de rechazo, de negación, a través de lo que no se quiere, a través de sus límites, del sentimiento de obligación que incita a suprimir un determinado número de cosas, de personas , de procesos, a través, por tanto, de lo que se deja oculto bajo el manto del olvido, en fin, analizando los sistemas de represión-eliminación propios de la sociedad.

“A conversation with Michel Foucault”, 1971.

Presentación

Una multitud de seres extraordinarios puebla la escritura foucaultiana. Criaturas en las que, como aquellas de los bestiarios medievales, parecen mezclarse la realidad y la fantasía. Los locos del Renacimiento que eran embarcados con destino incierto y cuyos rostros fijase para la posteridad El Bosco son sólo uno de los muchos personajes que han fascinado a Foucault y, por derivación, a los lectores de Foucault. Tratar de recopilar algunos de los rostros que la obra del francés nos ha legado es el propósito de este seminario. En ese sentido, nos inspiramos no tanto en el género de los mencionados bestiarios medievales, cuanto en esa particular literatura de segundo orden que son los manuales de criaturas para juegos de rol. Un poco a imagen y semejanza del Bestiario de Tolkien o el Bestiario de Krynn, de la Dragonlance, con sus orcos, sus magos, sus dragones o sus guerreras. Porque el mundo que Foucault describe, al igual que el de la literatura fantástica, está habitado por animales sorprendentes: inolvidables resultan las páginas iniciales de Vigilar y castigar, donde Foucault nos presenta al desdichado Damiens siendo carne de patíbulo, o las Mémoires recuperadas de Herculine Barbin, conocida como Alexina B., luego llamada Abel Barbin; o, por supuesto, el testimonio y los informes de un jovencísimo Pierre Rivière, parricida confeso. Esos personajes son sólo algunos ejemplos, tal vez los más conocidos, de las muchas criaturas sorprendentes que pululan por el mundo foucaultiano. Pero son legión. Una muchedumbre de criaturas se agolpa entre las páginas de la obra foucaultiana. Algunas, como las anteriores, con nombres propios, como aquellos aprendices de brujo de una ciencia psiquiátrica en formación, como Philipe Pinel, el liberador de los locos, el rompedor de cadenas, o François Leuret, señor del asilo y gran disciplinador. Pero otras aparecen bajo la máscara de la especie, como figuraciones tipo e incluso como casos ideales. Esposas infelices, hijos derrochadores, grandes asesinas, bárbaros, poseídas, masturbadores o hermafroditas. La lista podría ampliarse casi indefinidamente.

Cuando Jorge Luis Borges escribió el prólogo a su Libro de los seres imaginarios, titulado así tras ampliar su Manual de zoología fantástica, decía que el nombre del libro “justificaría la inclusión del Príncipe Hamlet, del punto, de la línea, de la superficie, del hipercubo, de todas las palabras genéricas y, tal vez, de cada uno de nosotros y de la divinidad. En suma, casi del universo”. Abordar el proyecto de elaborar un bestiario de Michel Foucault acarrea problemas semejantes, tantas y tan diversas son las figuras que pueblan el universo foucaultiano. El seminario que presentamos tratará de extraer de la obra del francés, como si de una saga de aventuras fantásticas se tratara, una colección de algunas de las figuras más interesantes o sorprendentes que la habitan. Se trata de personajes malditos en torno a las cuales los regímenes de saber de la cultura occidental, el arte y la literatura han desplegado una intensa voluntad de conocimiento siempre entretejida con el miedo a lo irracional  y la fascinación frente a lo oscuro. El sodomita, el monstruo, el delincuente nato, la endemoniada o la bruja son mucho más que experiencias de una alteridad radical que se enfrenta a las estructuras sociales y los ordenamientos convencionales de determinada época; representan en el fondo un espejo fracturado desde el cual podemos mirarnos a nosotros mismos y comprender cómo hemos a llegado ser lo que somos en el presente.

PDF of program