Oztig, L. I., & Karluk, A. C. (2025). Beyond Foucault and Post-Panoptic Theories: New Perspectives on China’s Surveillance Mechanisms in East Turkestan. Geopolitics, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2025.2465681 ABSTRACT Surveillance is as old as human history. In pre-modern times, it mostly took place through spies, informants, and guards. In modern times, it became a systematised practice conducted through …